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Jeunesse en action
Jeunesse en action
La jeunesse africaine, un potentiel entre instabilité et incertitude
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African youth, a potential between instability and uncertainty
Automatically translated into English thanks to WorldLingo
(MFI) “African youth, its vitality, its creativity and its aspirations”: such is the topic of XXIIIe Sommet Africa-France. Will it retain any L? attention of the leaders gathered in Bamako?
“C? is a gigantic potential. Can that also be a considerable threat if this youth N? D has? another horizon that L? enrôlement in a rebellion or L? radical endoctrination. It is thus imperative to give him prospects”, affirmed Philippe Douste-Blazy, the French Minister for the Foreign Affairs, with the daily newspaper the Parisian one last August, thus justifying the topic of the 23è Sommet Africa-France. With L? will initiative of Mali, country-host, the meeting have been preceded D? a Forum of African youth, joining together in Bamako on November 8, 53 young people - one by country represented - assisted D? a hundred D? others come from the areas from Mali and D? a delegation the Franco-African ones. A first! Declaration qu? they will submit to the chiefs D? State will point five key questions for their future: formation and employment, sociopolitic insertion, medical stakes, culture and new technologies, Franco-African diaspora.
There is urgency, to read L? “solemn, distressing and pressing” call launched by the representatives of the Young leaders to the chiefs D? State of L? African union in 2004: “Our States are stripped resources and are diverted their prerogatives. L? education N? is regarded a right for the African children but rather as a luxury. More right to L? employment, with health, housing, a healthy environment. All in all, the young people are left with themselves. ” Did African youth become the greatest challenge that L? Africa must raise.
Two thirds of the Africans have less than 30 years
Plus half of its population has less than 21 years and two thirds less than 30 years. The term “young” (15-24 years, according to the United Nations) S? economically apply to the continent to the individuals not or not independent grooms, while the “old men” are still only holders of the knowledge and the capacity, especially in rural medium. After the wave of democratizations, the parents hoped for them better following days. They leave them a quite heavy heritage. Sharp forces of country subjected these twenty last years to the Draconian conditions of the plans D? did structural adjustment, they live the disappearance of L? Welfare state, L? breathlessness of the colonial educational model and, with final, an extreme precarisation their living conditions.
Are half of the African economies in on this side resources per capita D? twenty years ago, according to the Program of the United Nations for the development. Million D? Don't Africans eat with their hunger and about half live with less D? a dollar per day. L? Did sub-Saharan Africa post into 2004 of the rates D? illiteracy of 35,9% for the adults (more than 15 years) and of 20,1% for the young people (1). To won't the current rate/rhythm, it arrive with L? universal primary education before at least 2150 and almost half of countries N? will not reach the educational parity between the sexes D? here 2015. At the time of the Summit on L? does employment and the fight counter poverty with Ouagadougou, in September 2004, the Commission of L? Did African union recommend to the leaders as fast as possible to put L? accent on L? education, L? training, vocational training, the transformation of L? abstract economy, this form of “clears up” practised by most of urban youth. About do half of the young people still work in L? agriculture; however L? does education remain an absolute priority in rural zone, according to L? United Nations for L? food and L? agriculture. In 2003, L? Did sub-Saharan Africa count one of the strongest rates of unemployment of the young people (21%) whereas the area should know the strongest increase in its working population D? here at 2015 (30 million additional young people). Does their fate depend on the economic growth but especially on its contents in terms D? employment. Only “5 to 10% of the newcomers on the labour market will be able to integrate L? does formal economy”, indicate the International Labour Office (the ILO), for which “L? Africa would increase its GDP by 12 to 19%” if it created decent jobs for the young people.
Energy, capacity D? innovation, overall creativity
L? does absence of work create a feeling D? exclusion and D? uselessness which involves violence, drug-addiction and extremism. Mow of the years D? teaching lost, the young people make their governments the target of their frustration. Seeking their own way, they express in the streets, S? face on the campuses and constitute large troops in case D? riot. Certain persons in charge - policies and monk - exploit these tendencies and mobilize them on militarist bases, “taking over L? enrolment of the old single parties”, estimated the researcher Tshikala K. Biaya (2). Is the life of the young Africans thus made D? instability and D? uncertainty. The majority of the 6 million refugees and moved are young people traumatized - as victims or combatants. In ten years, nearly two million D? did children die in the wars D? Central Africa. More than 120.000 child-soldiers are listed in a dozen country. Another drama, million young carriers of VIH/sida, while D? did others become heads of household because of the death of their parents killed by the disease, which leaves approximately 12 million D? orphans.
“Do the African governments have to bring solutions to this youthful majority which becomes poorer, more dissatisfied and, sometimes, more militant”, in 2004 the economic Commission on L affirmed? Africa, claiming elaborate viable policies with the collaboration of the young people. “L? energy, the capacity D? is innovation and the aspirations of youth a capital qu? no company can be allowed to waste”, known as the ILO. They show overall creativity - music, theatre, painting… Without forgetting their attraction for new technologies of L? information and of the communication. “You want that any S? arranges, you want that all that changes, but qu? do you make so that all that moves? ”, the Brigade, a group of rap sings métissé. Young Africans all, Franco-African, have L at the head? image of these young people who, to Melilla or Ceuta, think “more close to death that life” and of which “vague D? attack” (as certain newspapers qualified their desperate attempts to cross the barriers!) in direction of the European fortress are charged to poverty and the famine in sub-Saharan Africa. Can't they claim with a more human future?

December 2, 2008 | 4:57 AM Comments  0 comments

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